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ArticlePlant cell reports2026

Auxin-responsive SlXTH3 promotes Ralstonia solanacearum infection by modulating lateral root development and root immunity in tomato.

Xiaoyu Zheng, Xuanwei Du, Junming Chen, Hui Liang, Wei Wu, Peng Wang

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Article in Plant cell reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xiaoyu Zheng *School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
Xuanwei Du *School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
Junming ChenSchool of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
Hui LiangSchool of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
Wei WuSchool of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China. weiwu@hainanu.edu.cn.
Peng WangSchool of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China. wp136@hainanu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 32360676Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province No. 324RC457Research Start-up Fund of Hainan University No. RZ2300002913
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

key messageSlXTH3 promotes tomato lateral root development and cell wall remodeling, which facilitate early root colonization by Ralstonia solanacearum and increase susceptibility to bacterial wilt. Ralstonia solanacearum is a highly destructive soil-borne bacterial pathogen whose infection typically initiates in the root system and is accompanied by remodeling of host root development and defense responses. The results of this study showed that, during the early infection of tomato roots, R. solanacearum preferentially colonized lateral root emergence sites and promoted lateral root development, thereby generating additional potential sites favorable for bacterial colonization. Further analyses revealed that, during the early stage of R. solanacearum infection, endogenous auxin accumulation was significantly induced in tomato root tissues, accompanied by the transcriptional upregulation of a group of cell wall remodeling-related genes with potential auxin responsiveness. Expression analysis showed that SlXTH3, a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase gene predominantly expressed in roots, was significantly upregulated during the early stage of R. solanacearum infection. Overexpression of SlXTH3 promoted lateral root formation in tomato seedlings and enhanced early colonization of tomato roots by R. solanacearum, whereas RNAi-mediated silencing of SlXTH3 showed the opposite tendency. In addition, XTH3-overexpressing lines showed increased xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) activity and hemicellulose content in root tissues and suppressed flg22-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts, whereas SlXTH3-silenced lines displayed stronger ROS bursts and root immune outputs. Further experiments showed that overexpression of SlXTH3 promoted disease progression and bacterial proliferation within plants, whereas silencing SlXTH3 helped attenuate disease development. Collectively, SlXTH3 is a key susceptibility factor of R. solanacearum during tomato root infection; pathogen exploitation of SlXTH3-mediated lateral root development and immune-response suppression promotes infection establishment and aggravates disease.

Indexed as

Indoleacetic AcidsPlant DiseasesPlant ProteinsPlant RootsRalstonia solanacearumSolanum lycopersicumGene Expression Regulation, PlantPlant ImmunityIndoleacetic AcidsPlant ProteinsAuxinCell wall remodelingLateral root developmentRalstonia solanacearumTomato

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.