ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Tanshinone IIA restores CD8
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) benefits only a minority of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), partly because tryptophan catabolism through indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) generates kynurenine, activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling, and suppresses CD8 Methods: We integrated network pharmacology with TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma transcriptomic analyses and evaluated Tan-IIA in 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells, tumor-conditioned-medium CD8 Results: IDO1 and TDO2 were identified as upregulated Tan-IIA-associated candidates linked to an inflamed-yet-dysfunctional immune phenotype. Tan-IIA dose-dependently suppressed basal and IFN-γ-induced IDO1 and TDO2 expression, reduced the Kyn/Trp ratio and IDO activity, downregulated AhR target genes in CD8 Discussion: Tan-IIA relieves IDO1/TDO2-kynurenine-AhR metabolic immunosuppression and sensitizes TNBC to checkpoint blockade, supporting its further evaluation as a microenvironment-remodeling partner for ICB-resistant TNBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.