ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Association between prognostic nutritional index and 90-day readmission in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a multicenter study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by chronic airway inflammation and obstructive ventilation dysfunction. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), an indicator for evaluating nutritional and immune status with confirmed prognostic value in most diseases, has an unclear association with short-term acute re-exacerbation of COPD. This study thus investigated the correlation between PNI levels and 90-day acute re-exacerbation in COPD patients. Methods: A cohort analysis was conducted on AECOPD patients, who were grouped by PNI tertiles. The primary outcome was 90-day readmission for acute re-exacerbation. Cox proportional hazards regression, Kaplan-Meier survival curves (Log-rank test), restricted cubic spline plots and subgroup analysis were applied for statistical assessment and conclusion verification. Results: A total of 112 patients had acute re-exacerbation. Fully adjusted multivariate Cox regression identified PNI as a protective factor (HR = 0.914, 95% CI: 0.877 ~ 0.952, Conclusion: PNI is an independent protective factor for short-term readmission in AECOPD patients, with a significant linear dose-response relationship and a clinical threshold of PNI = 43.05.
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