ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
New teenage challenge: vaping and pregnancy.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
The use of nicotine and tobacco products in any form is unsafe, and nearly all tobacco product initiation occurs during adolescence. Vaping via electronic cigarettes (ECs) among young individuals remains a major public health concern. According to the 2025 National Youth Tobacco Survey, 5.2% of U.S. middle and high school students currently use ECs (7.1% of high school students and 2.6% of middle school students), making ECs the most consumed tobacco product among youth. While combustible cigarettes deliver high concentrations of carbon monoxide and combustion byproducts, EC aerosol contains variable levels of nicotine alongside chemical toxicants such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, nickel, and lead. Systemic nicotine delivery from ECs varies considerably by device design, liquid formulation, power output, and vaping behavior, but can equal or exceed that of conventional cigarettes. Cumulative clinical and epidemiological evidence indicates that exclusive EC use and dual use with combustible cigarettes during pregnancy are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, including preterm birth and reduced birth weight. This perspective highlights epidemiology, fetal toxicology, adolescent susceptibility, and exposure-specific perinatal outcomes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.