The Use of Routine Outcome Monitoring in Clinical Supervision: A Scoping Review of Empirical Evidence.

Routine outcome monitoring (ROM) has been recognized for its potential to enhance treatment outcomes and support decision-making. This scoping review aimed to systematically map the empirical literature on the use of ROM in clinical and/or training supervision contexts, to summarize the main findings and to identify research gaps. This scoping review also aimed to provide recommendations for future research. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search of electronic databases (Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, MedLine and Embase) was conducted in March 2025. Studies were included if they reported empirical data on the use of patient-reported outcome or process measures within supervision. No restrictions were placed on population or methodology. A narrative synthesis was adopted due to heterogeneity among studies. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, varying in methodology, sample and focus. Four key thematic areas emerged: Experiences and Perceived Benefits to Using ROM in Clinical Supervision; Barriers to Using ROM in Clinical Supervision; Effects of ROM on Clinical Outcomes; and Supervisor Training in the use of ROM. While the use of ROM in supervision is promising, current empirical evidence remains fragmented. Key research priorities to inform clinical training and supervisory practice are discussed.