Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42711529›Full record

ArticleNature immunology2026

Intratumoral T cell activation kills tumors regardless of T cell specificity.

Olivia C Ghirardelli Smith, Tyler T Dao, Noah V Gavil, Stephen D O'Flanagan, Adam J Rubin, Son Nguyen, Matthew B Watowich, Nuo Liu, Eyob Weyu, Clare F Quarnstrom and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Olivia C Ghirardelli Smith *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Tyler T Dao *Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-3896
Noah V Gavil *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4686-4181
Stephen D O'FlanaganDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9286-1208
Adam J RubinInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Son NguyenInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0475-5158
Matthew B WatowichDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Nuo LiuInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Eyob WeyuDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Clare F QuarnstromDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Andrew G SoerensDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Vineet JoagDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Pamela C RosatoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-3868
Matthew F KrummelDepartment of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7915-3533
Melissa A GellerDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Jeffrey S MillerDepartment of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-4944
Alessio GiubellinoDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Vaiva VezysDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-809X
Alex K ShalekInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5670-8778
David MasopustDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA. masopust@umn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9440-3884

Funding

Mucosal T Cell Memory to PathogensR01AI084913 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI MASOPUST, DAVID · 2010 to 2023
$5.8M
Resident Memory T CellsR01AI146032 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI DAVID MASOPUST · 2020 to 2026
$3.8M
Repurposing TRM for tumor immunotherapyR01CA238439 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI MASOPUST, DAVID · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
Investigating mechanisms of peptide alarm therapyF30CA253992 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI GAVIL, NOAH VEIS · 2020 to 2023
$167k
Investigating the local and systemic coordination of antiviral immunity by tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells in the skinF30AI181450 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Olivia C. Smith · 2024 to 2026
$160k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA238439NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI084913NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI146032St. Jude Children's Research Hospital GR1001820U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) F30CA253992U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) P30-CA014051U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) R01CA238439U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) F30AI181450U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R01AI084913U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R01AI146032
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunotherapies putatively require tumor-specific T cells. Here we show how T cells can eliminate tumors without tumor specificity via paracrine signaling. Activating unexhausted bystander non-tumor-specific T cells within tumors resulted in tumor elimination without conventional recognition-dependent mechanisms and in the absence of any tumor-specific T cell receptor (TCR)αβ

Indexed as

Lymphocyte ActivationLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMelanomaT-LymphocytesAnimalsCell Line, TumorHumansImmunotherapyInterferon-gammaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNitric OxideReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaInterferon-gammaNitric OxideReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-betaTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID42711529

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.