Implementing and evaluating culturally relevant dance opportunities for people living with dementia in historically excluded and racialised communities: a qualitative case study protocol.

backgroundEngagement with the arts is advocated to reduce stigma and to increase the social inclusion of people living with dementia since the arts powerfully support non-verbal communication, affect and the opportunity to participate in activities that are meaningful to self and others. An example is Sharing Dance Older Adults (SDOA), an innovative, community dance programme that is offered by Canada's National Ballet School (NBS) intended to support social inclusion by making dance accessible to older adults with a range of physical and cognitive abilities, including people living with dementia. Despite the benefits that SDOA offers people living with dementia and their carers, individuals from historically excluded populations, and more specifically those from racialised groups, have had only limited engagement with the programme. This study thus aims to co-develop with dance artists in the three largest racialised communities in Canada (Black, Chinese and South Asian) culturally relevant SDOA-informed dance opportunities for people living with dementia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This 3-year study (2024-2027) is a multiple-case and intrinsic-case study design informed by critical participatory action research and the Critical Realism and the Arts Research Utilisation Model. For each of the three racialised communities, implementation and data collection will develop across five phases (preimplementation of professional development for dance artists; implementation of professional development for dance artists; postimplementation of professional development for dance artists; implementation of dance programming; and postimplementation of dance programming). Drawing on organisational partnerships in two Canadian provinces for three racialised communities, we plan to recruit older adults living with/without dementia who will attend the dance programming (n=90), formal/informal carers such as nurses and family (n=30), site managers such as directors of care (n=15), dance artists from the case communities (n=15) and NBS dance trainers who teach SDOA (n=2). Data collection strategies include: semistructured e-diary entries; active interviews; and video recordings of dance classes. All e-diary entries, transcriptions of interviews and video clips selected for full verbatim transcription will be analysed concurrently and recursively, using standard thematic analysis techniques. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: All five phases of this study have been approved by the Clinical Trials Ontario (CTO Project ID: 4997, 11 June 2026), which is a streamlined ethics review system for multisite studies. All participants will provide written informed consent before taking part in the study. The outcomes will be shared through articles published in journals, presentations at academic and professional conferences, arts-based community events and other knowledge mobilisation forums that include all partners and collaborators.