ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Defensins as natural antimicrobial peptide scaffolds against antimicrobial-resistant pathogens: mechanisms, resistance risks, and translational prospects.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance has increased the need for anti-infective approaches beyond conventional single-target antibiotics. Defensins, a conserved family of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides, are promising candidates owing to their structural stability, membrane activity, target-specific mechanisms, immunomodulatory functions, and potential synergy with existing antibiotics. This critical narrative review discusses defensins as potential therapeutics against antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, with a focus on structure-activity relationships, bacterial envelope biology, resistance evolution and cross-resistance, antibiofilm activity, and translational feasibility. Data were synthesized from mammalian, plant, fungal, and insect defensins, together with defensin-derived peptides and defensin mimetics. Unrelated AMPs were included only as contextual comparators and were not treated as defensin-specific evidence. Antibacterial proof-of-concept and translational-readiness evidence were appraised separately, including activity under physiological ionic-strength and serum conditions, protease stability, cytotoxicity, hemolysis, resistance selection, and
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