ArticleJournal of biomedical optics2026
Generalized self-calibrating probe approach for CW tissue oximetry.
Article in Journal of biomedical optics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and oximetry are important noninvasive methods to investigate physiological processes and states in the human brain and muscle tissue. Self-calibrating probe methods combine two light sources with typically two detectors to improve the stability of continuous-wave (CW) devices, but so far are limited to fully symmetric geometries. Aim: We developed a generalized self-calibrating probe approach to improve accuracy and stability in CW oximetry for arbitrary configurations of two light sources and detectors. Approach: We used the diffusion theory of light transport to derive the effective attenuation coefficient from self-calibrating probes with arbitrary asymmetric source-detector configurations in reflection. The theory was validated by measurements on tissue-like reference phantoms and by a vascular occlusion test on the forearm muscle of a healthy subject using a dual-wavelength CW fNIRS imager. Results were compared with conventional analysis by spatially resolved spectroscopy (SRS). Time-domain measurements served as a reference. Results: The phantom studies with the generalized self-calibrating probe approach provided accurate results for effective attenuation and oxygen saturation for the wide variety of source-detector configurations examined. Results from the SRS method showed a slightly larger spread. When submillimeter shifts of the source positions were neglected in the data analysis, large errors were observed in oxygen saturation for both methods. The vascular occlusion test showed good agreement between the self-calibrating approach and the time-domain reference data. Oxygenation profiles from SRS differed strongly across the source-detector combinations, with significant deviations already for the baseline saturation. When CW measurements were analyzed using literature values for the tissue scattering properties, systematic shifts of the oxygen saturation occured. The shifts remain small when the ratio of the reduced scattering coefficients at the two wavelengths of the CW device is close to the true tissue value. Conclusions: The proposed generalized self-calibrating approach enables quantification of oxygen saturation
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.