ArticleJournal of hepatocellular carcinoma2026
Nivolumab Plus Lenvatinib and Intra-Arterial Locoregional Therapy as First-Line Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Real-World Study.
Article in Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background: Although first-line triple therapy of programmed death-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib and intra-arterial locoregional therapy has shown potential clinical benefit for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it has not yet been established as a standard treatment. This real-world study evaluated the efficacy and safety of first-line combination therapy with nivolumab, lenvatinib, and intra-arterial locoregional therapy (including transarterial chemoembolization or hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy) in this population. Methods: This retrospective study included untreated unresectable HCC patients who received nivolumab plus lenvatinib and intra-arterial locoregional therapy between 26 March 2020 and 17 October 2023. The outcomes included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: A total of 52 patients were included, the majority of whom were <65 years (86.5%) and male (90.4%). Most patients had compensated liver disease, with 92.3% classified as Child-Pugh class A. The ORR was 69.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 54.9%-81.3%) per mRECIST and 55.8% (95% CI: 41.3%-69.5%) per RECIST version 1.1. The DCR was 100% by both criteria. The median DoR was 12.1 months per mRECIST and 10.5 months per RECIST version 1.1. With a median follow-up of 22.0 months (range: 1.6-57.3), the median PFS was 16.8 months (95% CI: 12.9-20.5) per mRECIST and 16.6 months (95% CI: 12.8-20.2) per RECIST version 1.1. The median OS was 24.9 months (95% CI: 21.7-35.6). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of any grade occurred in 45 patients (86.5%), with fatigue (30.8%) being the most common. Grade ≥3 TEAEs were observed in 17.3% of patients. Conclusion: First-line nivolumab plus lenvatinib and intra-arterial locoregional therapy showed encouraging antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in unresectable HCC.
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