ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Temporal trends and spatial variation in nontuberculous mycobacterial notification incidence among First Nations people in Queensland, Australia.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundNontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental pathogens causing pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections. First Nations people in Australia experience higher burdens of communicable diseases, comorbidities, and systemic barriers to care, increasing NTM risk. This study examined the incidence and spatial distribution of NTM notifications in First Nations people in Queensland, Australia.
methodsA retrospective longitudinal analysis of laboratory-based NTM notifications was conducted using the Queensland Health Notifiable Conditions Database, stratified by Indigenous status. Incidence was calculated using population denominators and Indigenous Region boundaries, with direct rate comparisons between 2011 and 2024.
resultsBetween 2001 and 2024, 717 NTM notifications were recorded from 606 First Nations people, with a significant male predominance among those aged 30-44 years (χ
conclusionsNTM notification incidence among First Nations people in Queensland has increased substantially, with a faster rate of rise than in the non-Indigenous population despite lower absolute incidence, consistent with under-ascertainment. These findings highlight gaps in detection and diagnostic access, alongside heterogeneous geographic and outbreak-associated transmission dynamics. Strengthening culturally appropriate surveillance and improving access to timely diagnosis are required to better define disease burden and inform targeted clinical and public health responses in First Nations and other underserved populations.
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