ArticleEmergency medicine Australasia : EMA2026
Acid-Base Phenotypes in Sedative Toxidrome: Characterisation, Agent-Specific Patterns and Clinical Associations.
Article in Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAcid-base patterns and their association with clinical outcomes have not been characterised using venous-specific reference ranges in a sedative-specific cohort. We aimed to characterise acid-base phenotypes in sedative toxidrome using venous-specific thresholds, examine agent-specific associations and evaluate relationships to adverse outcomes.
methodsRetrospective cohort study of 374 consecutive patients referred to a toxicology service with sedative poisoning between November 2022 and November 2023. VBG data (pH, pCO
resultsVBG was obtained in 330 of 374 patients (88.2%). Venous respiratory acidosis occurred in 54 patients (16.4%), hypercapnia with preserved pH in 81 (24.5%) and normal venous pH in 153 (46.4%). Opioid exposures had the highest hypercapnic burden (59%) compared with anti-psychotic exposures (20%; p < 0.001). Venous respiratory acidosis was associated with ICU admission (40.7% vs. 17.0%, p = 0.001) and complications (64.8% vs. 32.7%, p < 0.001). Among hypercapnic patients, pCO
conclusionsVenous respiratory acidosis identifies a high-risk subgroup. Hypercapnic burden varies substantially by agent class. These findings support routine early VBG measurement in sedative overdose and highlight the importance of venous-specific thresholds when interpreting point-of-care acid-base results.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.