ArticleNanotechnology2026
Development of Scanning Ion-Conductance Microscopy Based Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Liquid Environments.
Article in Nanotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The ability to conduct nanoscale imaging and in situ chemical analysis in liquid environments can greatly benefit biological and soft materials research. Scanning ion-conductance microscopy (SICM) is one of the most popular non-contact techniques for imaging and manipulating living cells and soft substrates in their native environments, using ionic current feedback to enable gentle and precise mapping. On the other hand, tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) has achieved label-free, molecularly specific nanoscale characterization via plasmonic enhancement provided by the probe tip. Recent developments in both techniques have made it possible to combine SICM with TERS. The resulting hybrid SICM-TERS can enable simultaneous, correlated mapping of topography in liquid environments. This review provides an overview of SICM and TERS leading up to the development of SICM-TERS, including their respective principles, instrumental developments, and current state of the art. Additionally, it discusses how combining these two techniques enables new opportunities for real-time, minimally invasive investigations of dynamic biological processes and complex interfacial phenomena under native conditions. As probe durability and multimodal microscopy integration improve, SICM-TERS is expected to take a more versatile role in correlative nanoscale imaging in the future. This will have a major impact on nanomedicine, biology, and materials research.
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