Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42702961›Full record

ArticleChemSusChem2026

Base-Free Ozonation of Lignin for Rapid Production of Value-Added Aromatics: Structural Factors and Mechanistic Insights.

Yun Zhao, Tingfei Li, Yang Cao, Shaojie Zhou, Jin Fan, Chengyuan Tang, Chenqingyi Wu, Jiacheng Yuan, Haifang Mao, Jie Gao and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ChemSusChem, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yun ZhaoFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3844-8981
Tingfei LiFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
Yang CaoCollege of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8896-158X
Shaojie ZhouState Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Jin FanFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
Chengyuan TangFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
Chenqingyi WuFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
Jiacheng YuanFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
Haifang MaoFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0463-5294
Jie GaoFaculty of Flavour Fragrance and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
Shicheng ZhangShanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-1385

Funding

Engineering Center of Perfume and Cosmetics, provincial and ministerial co-constructed Collaborative Innovation Center of Fragrance Flavor and Cosmetics 1021ZK250028008-A06National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 22278085Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission No. 20DZ2255600Shanghai Rising-Star Program No. 23QB1405000
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lignin is a renewable aromatic resource, yet its efficient depolymerization requires metal catalysts under high temperature, pressure, and strong base. This study employed ozone as a clean oxidant for lignin depolymerization under mild, catalyst- and base-free conditions. Grass lignin, rich in p-coumaric acid (pCA), ferulic acid (FA) moieties, and β-O-4 linkages, achieved 91.55% conversion with a 15.41% monomer yield and 18.43% carbon efficiency within 3 min at 0 °C, outperforming most reported systems in rate and selectivity. Process optimization and Van Krevelen diagram confirmed that ethanol served a dual role as a green solvent and reactant, enhancing sustainability compared to fossil-derived solvents. Kinetic studies revealed that p-hydroxyphenyl (H)-type monomers exhibit higher stability than guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S)-type products. Softwood lignin with abundant G units and C─C linkages gave a low monomer yield (2.40%), but high vanillin selectivity (>90%). Hardwood lignin predominantly generated S-type products, including syringaldehyde (selectivity 53.17%). Pearson correlation analysis linked lignin structural features, including unit composition, linkage types, and molecular weight to monomer yields and selectivity. Overall, this study highlights ozone oxidation as a promising route for rapid lignin valorization and demonstrates strong associations between lignin structural features and depolymerization efficiency and product selectivity.

Indexed as

aromatic productsligninozone oxidationproduct stabilitystructure–activity relationship

Identifiers

PMID42702961
PMCPMC13547903

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