ArticleZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences2026
[Correlations of calmodulin and neurotransmitters with polysomnographic parameters in patients with chronic insomnia disorder].
Article in Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesChronic insomnia disorder (CID) is a common sleep disorder that can cause a variety of health problems. Neurotransmitters, particularly gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), play key roles in sleep regulation, and calmodulin (CaM) is involved in their regulatory processes. However, systematic studies examining the correlations of CaM and related neurotransmitter levels with polysomnographic (PSG) parameters are currently lacking, and the diagnostic value of these indicators for CID remains unclear. This study aims to compare biochemical indicators between patients with CID and healthy controls (HCs), analyze their correlations with PSG parameters, and evaluate their diagnostic performance for CID, with the goal of identifying novel blood biomarkers for the auxiliary diagnosis of CID and exploring their potential clinical applications.
methodsA total of 103 patients with CID who attended the Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China between January 2017 and April 2019 and 102 HCs who underwent health examinations during the same period were enrolled. Serum levels of CaM, GABA, Glu, and 5-HT were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared between the 2 groups. Correlations between these indicators and PSG parameters were analyzed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate their diagnostic performance.
resultsCompared with the HC group, the CID group had significantly lower serum CaM, GABA, and 5-HT levels and ratio of GABA to Glu (GABA/Glu), but significantly higher Glu levels (all
conclusionsPatients with CID had significantly lower serum CaM, GABA, and 5-HT levels and GABA/Glu and significantly higher Glu levels. In patients with CID, the serum GABA/Glu was positively correlated with N3 sleep duration, whereas the serum 5-HT level was positively correlated with sleep efficiency. Serum CaM, the GABA/Glu, and 5-HT have diagnostic value for CID, and a combined diagnostic model incorporating all 3 indicators has better diagnostic performance than any individual indicator.
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