Onset of first symptoms and timing of clinician notification of surgical site infections following cesarean section: evidence from six tertiary hospitals in Nigeria.

Benedict Chidiogor Okoro, Masataro Norizuki, Tochi Okwor, Muzzammil Gadanya, Junko Yasuoka

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Article in Infection prevention in practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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5 authors.

Benedict Chidiogor OkoroGraduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.

Masataro NorizukiBureau of Global Health Cooperation, Japan Institute for Health Security, Japan.

Tochi OkworDisease Prevention and Health Promotion, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Nigeria.

Muzzammil GadanyaDisease Prevention and Health Promotion, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Nigeria.

Junko YasuokaGraduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) following caesarean section (CS) are a major cause of maternal morbidity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Limited evidence exists on the timing of symptom onset and clinician notification, which are critical for surveillance and early intervention. This study aimed to (i) identify risk factors for SSI following CS, (ii) assess the timing of symptom onset within 30 days, and (iii) examine the timing of clinician notification. Methods: A retrospective matched case-control study was conducted using post-CS SSI surveillance data from six tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. Cases ( Results: Prolonged duration of surgery was the only factor significantly associated with SSI ( Conclusion: SSIs following CS occurred predominantly within the first two postoperative weeks and were largely detected after discharge. Strengthening postdischarge surveillance, patient education, and early follow-up, particularly around two weeks postpartum, may improve SSI detection and maternal outcomes in Nigeria.

Indexed as

Caesarean sectionClinician notificationInfection prevention and controlNigeriaSurgical site infectionSymptom onset

Identifiers

PMID42701537

DOI10.1016/j.infpip.2026.100575

PMCPMC13545718

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.