Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42700329›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of implant dentistry2026

In-vitro characterization and evaluation of innovative surface modifications of zirconia implants for the optimization of hard and soft tissue management.

Fabian Angerer, R Smeets, J T Strenge, M Gosau, E Bibiza, B Schick, K Eisenmenger, J H Ehlers, A Henningsen, S Fuest

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of implant dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Fabian AngererDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. f.angerer@uke.de.
R SmeetsDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
J T StrengeDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
M GosauDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
E BibizaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
B SchickgoodBIONICS Biotechnologie GmbH, Bahnhofstrasse 6, 87665, Mauerstetten, Germany.
K EisenmengerTITAN PRÄCIS Metallurgie GmbH, Brahmkoppel 1a, 24558, Henstedt-Ulzburg, Germany.
J H EhlersTITAN PRÄCIS Metallurgie GmbH, Brahmkoppel 1a, 24558, Henstedt-Ulzburg, Germany.
A HenningsenDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
S FuestDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study focuses on the characterization and evaluation of innovative surface modifications of zirconia implants aimed at optimizing hard and soft tissue management.

methodsThe cytocompatibility of newly developed ceramic implant coatings was assessed. Five different surface types were investigated: uncoated zirconia (Zr), zirconia coated with pure titanium (ZrTi), zirconia coated with calcium phosphate (CaP), zirconia coated with hydroxyapatite (HA) and zirconia coated with calcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite (CaP/HA). Cytocompatibility was assessed using L929 mouse fibroblasts and MC3T3 pre-osteoblasts. Testing was performed in both direct and indirect cell contact with the materials. In the direct contact setup, cells were cultured for 24 h on the test surfaces, followed by live/dead staining and fluorescence microscopy. In the indirect setup, material extracts were prepared and cell viability was quantified after 72 h using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cell proliferation (XTT) assays.

resultsAll tested surfaces demonstrated good cytocompatibility without significant cytotoxic effects. Supplementary scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses confirmed the successful application of the coatings and provided detailed insight into surface topography and elemental composition.

conclusionCalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite-coated zirconia implants represent a promising biocompatible alternative to titanium-based surfaces, with the potential to improve tissue integration and long-term clinical outcomes in ceramic dental implantology.

Indexed as

Dental ImplantsZirconiumAnimalsCalcium PhosphatesCell ProliferationCell SurvivalCoated Materials, BiocompatibleDurapatiteIn Vitro TechniquesMaterials TestingMiceMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningOsteoblastsSpectrometry, X-Ray EmissionSurface PropertiesTitaniumcalcium phosphateCalcium PhosphatesCoated Materials, BiocompatibleDental ImplantsDurapatiteTitaniumZirconiumzirconium oxideCalcium phosphate-hydroxyapatiteCell cultureDental implantologyMicroscopyZirconia implants

Identifiers

PMID42700329
PMCPMC13546240

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.