ArticleJapanese journal of ophthalmology2026
Birefringence and depolarization characteristics of myelinated retinal nerve fibers assessed with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.
Article in Japanese journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo quantify birefringence and depolarization features of myelinated retinal nerve fibers using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography and to evaluate their utility for noninvasive assessment. STUDY
designRetrospective observational case series.
methodsSeven eyes from 7 patients with clinically diagnosed myelinated retinal nerve fibers underwent polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. We quantified phase retardation (birefringence), polarimetric entropy (depolarization), and intensity within myelinated retinal nerve fibers and adjacent retinal nerve fiber layer. Optic-axis orientation maps were generated to infer myelin lamellar orientation relative to axons and to delineate depth-resolved lesion extent.
resultsMyelinated retinal nerve fibers showed significantly higher phase retardation and polarimetric entropy than adjacent retinal nerve fiber layer (p = 0.02 and 0.008, respectively). Retardation and entropy exhibited greater variability than intensity across lesions (p < 0.05). Optic-axis orientation within lesions was consistently near-perpendicular to the local nerve fiber direction (all seven lesions; overall mean angle, 81°). Within lesions, greater depolarization and birefringence were associated with stronger posterior shadowing independent of lesion thickness. Optic-axis images also revealed segments in which nonmyelinated retinal nerve fiber layer overlaid portions of the lesion.
conclusionElevated birefringence, increased depolarization, and optic-axis orientation perpendicular to axons constitute distinctive optical signatures of retinal myelination. These contrasts may allow polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography to delineate lesion boundaries and internal heterogeneity in three dimensions more precisely than conventional optical coherence tomography, supporting differential diagnosis, phenotyping, and longitudinal monitoring.
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