ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
A field-applicable point-based triage score (CRTS) to identify goats with ultrasonographic lung consolidation.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Respiratory disease in goats is frequently assessed using non-species-specific clinical scoring schemes, yet evidence on their agreement with thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) is limited. This study compared standardized clinical respiratory scores with TUS lung consolidation in adult goats and developed a goat-adapted triage score (Caprine Respiratory Triage Score, CRTS). Methods: Adult goats from 12 farms ( Results: WI showed high specificity but low sensitivity at WI≥ 5, and moderate discrimination as a continuous predictor (AUC 0.685 for any consolidation; 0.708 for >1.0 cm; 0.724 for >1.5 cm). The lamb score performed similarly (AUC 0.686, 0.702, and 0.714) and its class-based thresholds did not translate to goats. Goat scores improved discrimination: BRD3 adapted for goats AUCs were 0.725, 0.770, and 0.773, while CRTS achieved the highest AUCs (0.738, 0.771, and 0.778). Cumulative-prevalence curves showed increasing probability of consolidation at higher score values (e.g., 66.7% at BRD3 adapted for goats ≥7 and 71.4% at CRTS ≥ 9 for any consolidation). A visual-only CRTS variant excluding rectal temperature retained similar discrimination (AUC 0.736-0.771; -0.3%--0.9% relative change). Discussion: Standardized calf- and lamb-derived scores showed only moderate agreement with goat TUS consolidation, particularly for mild lesions. The CRTS better ranked goats by probability of ultrasonographic lung consolidation and may support field triage for TUS, with an optional non-invasive variant when animal handling is constrained.
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