ArticleFrontiers in molecular biosciences2026
Retrospective analysis of micronutrient status and prostate health: linking serum zinc, selenium, and vitamin D levels to prostate-specific antigen and urinary tract function.
Article in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Micronutrients such as zinc, selenium, and vitamin D play a crucial role in prostate physiology. Deficiencies in these nutrients may be associated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and with impaired urinary tract parameters, including the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and post-void residual (PVR) volume. This retrospective study evaluated the association between serum micronutrient status and prostate health indicators in adult men. Methods: Medical records of 400 men aged ≥45 years who underwent prostate evaluation between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Serum zinc, selenium, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were recorded alongside PSA values and urinary tract parameters, including IPSS, Qmax, and PVR volume. Based on reference ranges, participants were categorized into low- or normal-micronutrient groups. Correlation analyses and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify independent predictors of elevated PSA (>4 ng/mL) and severe urinary symptoms (IPSS ≥20). Results: 120 participants exhibited low micronutrient levels. Compared with men with normal levels, this group showed significantly higher PSA (5.2 ± 2.8 vs. 2.9 ± 1.5 ng/mL), higher IPSS scores (16.5 ± 5.8 vs. 10.2 ± 5.2), lower Qmax (11.2 ± 4.1 vs. 16.1 ± 4.7 mL/s), and higher PVR (61.7 ± 20.3 vs. 42.2 ± 18.5 mL) (all p < 0.001). Serum zinc, selenium, and vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with PSA and IPSS and positively correlated with Qmax (all p < 0.001). In multivariable regression analysis, low zinc (OR 2.48; 95% CI: 1.45-4.23), low selenium (OR 2.12; 95% CI: 1.27-3.52), and low vitamin D (OR 1.87; 95% CI: 1.11-3.16) were independent predictors of elevated PSA. Conclusion: Micronutrient deficiencies were associated with altered PSA levels and impaired urinary tract function. Monitoring and correcting micronutrient deficiencies may represent a valuable component of prostate health management, though prospective studies are needed to confirm causality.
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