ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Associations of dietary diversity trajectories with depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults: a 10-year longitudinal study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Depression is one of the most prevalent mental health conditions among older adults in China, profoundly impairing quality of life and impeding healthy aging. Dietary diversity, as a comprehensive indicator of overall diet quality, has been associated with various chronic diseases and mental health outcomes. However, the association between longitudinal trajectories of the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and depressive symptoms among older adults remains poorly understood. Methods: Using four waves of longitudinal data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) spanning 2008 to 2018, a total of 1,538 participants aged ≥65 years were included. Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) was applied to identify distinct long-term DDS trajectories, with CESD-10 depressive scores assessed in 2018 serving as the primary outcome. Three multivariable linear regression models examined the associations between DDS trajectories and depressive scores with stepwise covariate adjustment. Binary logistic regression sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) analyses were conducted to examine the association between the number of teeth and depressive scores. Results: LCGA identified three DDS trajectories: stable (Class 1, Conclusion: Long-term maintenance of higher dietary diversity was associated with lower depressive scores among Chinese older adults. A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed between number of teeth and depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that maintaining greater dietary diversity in early aging, together with good oral health, higher health literacy, and better quality of life, may be associated with better mental health in older adults.
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