Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42697914›Full record

ArticleProstate cancer and prostatic diseases2026

Association between smoking, tumor genetics, and outcomes in men with metastatic prostate cancer.

Christopher Choi, Matthew Labriola, Nicholas Henderson, Alec Chu, Clara Hwang, Pedro C Barata, Frank Cameron Cackowski, Amanda Broderick, Rana R McKay, Mehmet Asim Bilen and 11 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Christopher Choi *Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Matthew Labriola *Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0919-9864
Nicholas HendersonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Alec ChuPathology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Clara HwangDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0998-323X
Pedro C BarataDepartment of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-2951
Frank Cameron CackowskiBarbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-3745
Amanda BroderickDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6925-3095
Rana R McKayMoores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0581-7963
Mehmet Asim BilenWinship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Deepak KilariDepartment of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Laura S GrahamUniversity of Colorado Cancer Center Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-572X
Abhishek TripathiDepartment of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Rohan GarjeMiami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.
Vadim S KoshkinDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2277-8668
Tanya B DorffDepartment of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5990-298X
Michael Thomas SchweizerDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5510-0661
Zachery R ReichertDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-8796
Alexandra O SokolovaDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Catherine H MarshallDepartment of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2653-4110
Andrew J ArmstrongDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. andrew.armstrong@duke.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-1754

Funding

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) NIH/NCI 5R01CA233585 - 05
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSmoking has been associated with increased metastatic prostate cancer mortality, but the mechanisms behind this are largely unknown. We hypothesized that smoking increases the risk of genetic alterations associated with aggressive disease and/or the transformation to neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). PATIENTS AND

methodsWe utilized the Prostate Cancer Precision Medicine Multi-institutional Collaborative Effort (PROMISE) clinical genomic database for this retrospective analysis. We associated patient characteristics and tumor genetic data with smoking exposure at diagnosis (current, former, never and pack years) and with clinical outcomes, including overall survival (OS) from diagnosis or time to developing metastatic disease and NEPC status.

resultsWe identified 2353 men with prostate cancer and next generation somatic tumor sequencing evaluable for analysis in PROMISE, including 8% current, 39% former, and 52% never smokers. Current smokers were more likely to be younger and to have metastatic (M1 or N1) disease at diagnosis, and less likely to have prior local therapy (all p < 0.001). Current smoking was associated with worse OS from diagnosis (99.9 mo vs 137.6 mo, HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.14-1.77), which remained significant after adjusting for disease characteristics. We found no difference in the percentage of NEPC at initial diagnosis or at any time between current, former, and never smokers (p = 0.8). We found positive associations between smoking status and genetic alterations in SPOP (current: 15%, former 6.7%, never 3.8%; p = 0.018), FGFR1 (current 10%, former 0.4%, never 1.1% p = 0.001), and ARID1A (current 5.1%, former 2.2%, never 0.4%; p = 0.035) in patients with metastatic androgen pathway modulator sensitive prostate cancer (APMS).

conclusionActive smoking is associated with worse overall and prostate cancer specific survival as compared to never/former smoking and was associated with specific tumor genetic alterations but not small cell/NEPC transformation.

Identifiers

PMID42697914

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