ReviewEndocrine oncology (Bristol, England)2026
Parathyroid carcinoma: epidemiology and genetics.
Review in Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), considered a rare disease almost a century ago, has shown a notable increase in incidence over the past five decades, driven largely by improved diagnostic screening and greater clinical awareness. Following the same trend, the incidence of parathyroid carcinoma (PC), a very rare but aggressive malignancy accounting for approximately 1% of PHPT cases, appears to be rising. This increase parallels the overall rise in PHPT detection, suggesting that enhanced surveillance contributes to identifying more PC cases. PC is mostly characterized by severe hypercalcaemia, due to tumoral parathyroid hormone (PTH) over-secretion and a high rate of local recurrence and metastasis, making early diagnosis and surgical treatment crucial. Recent advances in genetics and epigenetics have profoundly expanded our understanding of PC pathogenesis. Germline and somatic mutations in the tumour suppressor gene
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