ReviewReviews in cardiovascular medicine2026
Progress in Understanding Brain Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: A Narrative Review.
Review in Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The application of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has significantly advanced cardiovascular surgery. However, CPB-associated brain injury remains a critical complication that affects patient prognosis and quality of life. Overt stroke occurs in approximately 1-5% of cases, while postoperative delirium affects 20-50% of patients, and perioperative neurocognitive disorders are reported in 10-40%, depending on the diagnostic criteria used. This narrative review provides a comprehensive summary of recent research progress on CPB-associated brain injury in cardiac surgery, along with a critical appraisal of the supporting evidence. While the main focus is on adult patients, various pediatric conditions are also discussed. We review the evolution of CPB technology; the classification and clinical burden of brain injury; detailed pathophysiological mechanisms, including hemodynamic injury, microembolism, systemic inflammatory response, and blood-brain barrier disruption; current cerebral protection strategies advances in personalized cerebral perfusion. Furthermore, special consideration is given to genetic susceptibility (such as apolipoprotein E (
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