SynthesisFrontiers in psychology2026
The impact of therapeutic landscapes on the mental health of older adults: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Therapeutic landscapes, as an important form of health-promoting environmental intervention, provide a feasible approach to improving the mental health of older adults. However, their modes of action and underlying mechanisms require further clarification. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this study systematically searched Web of Science, Scopus, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and PsycINFO. Studies were selected according to the PICOS framework and assessed using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool (CCAT) and the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools for risk of bias. Ultimately, 21 studies were included in this systematic review of the evidence on the effects of therapeutic landscapes on older adults' mental health. The findings showed that therapeutic landscapes had positive effects on older adults' mental health, primarily by alleviating depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness and enhancing psychological well-being. However, these health effects did not occur uniformly but were jointly influenced by factors such as spatial accessibility, facility suitability, activity organization, seasonal and climatic conditions, and individual abilities. Further analysis revealed that different types of therapeutic landscapes had differential effects on older adults' mental health. Nature-based landscapes focused primarily on landscape exposure and restorative experiences, structured intervention landscapes emphasized active participation, and sociocultural experiential landscapes highlighted social interaction and emotional support. This study systematically synthesized the evidence on the role of therapeutic landscapes in promoting older adults' mental health, providing a reference for the theoretical development and practical application of therapeutic landscape research. Future studies should strengthen the empirical evidence derived from diverse regions and sample types, pay greater attention to the differing needs of various groups of older adults, and further investigate the pathways through which different types of therapeutic landscapes influence older adults' mental health. Systematic review registration: https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2026-5-0126/, INPLASY202650126.
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