ArticleSAGE open medical case reports2026
Gastric adenosquamous carcinoma with an apparently pure squamous phenotype on limited biopsy in a patient with HIV: A case report.
Article in SAGE open medical case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Gastric carcinomas with squamous differentiation are exceptionally rare and diagnostically difficult, particularly on limited biopsy material. We report a case of an HIV-positive man in his mid-60s who presented with abdominal pain, melena, and unintentional weight loss. Initial upper endoscopy revealed a large, ulcerated mass involving the gastric fundus and cardia; superficial endoscopic biopsies were non-diagnostic. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy demonstrated invasive squamous cell carcinoma without a glandular component, and the tumor was staged cT4b cN1 cM0 (clinical Stage IVA, AJCC/UICC eighth edition). The biopsy interpretation was treated as provisional, since sampling of this extent cannot exclude a glandular component. After neoadjuvant FLOT chemotherapy, total gastrectomy with multivisceral resection yielded gastric adenosquamous carcinoma with hepatic metastatic adenocarcinoma, establishing M1 disease and Stage IV. A pure squamous phenotype in a gastric biopsy is therefore not sufficient to diagnose primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma; the distinction rests on the resection specimen. The patient's HIV infection is relevant background rather than a demonstrated cause.
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