ArticleFrontiers in big data2026
Interviewer effects on underreporting of traditional contraceptive use: evidence from National Family Health Survey-5.
Article in Frontiers in big data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Socioeconomic alignment between interviewers and respondents may play a critical role in shaping the accuracy of reported reproductive histories. This study investigates how interviewer characteristics contribute to the reporting of adoption of traditional contraceptive methods using reproductive event calendar data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (2019-21) in India. Data and methods: Using contraceptive calendar data, a cross-classified multilevel model was employed to assess the interviewer's influence on the reporting of traditional contraceptive method use. The analysis included women aged 15-49 years who reported contraceptive use in the calendar month(s), and the interviewers interviewed them. Results: Multilevel cross-classified models show that interviewer characteristics significantly influence reporting of traditional contraceptive use following periods of non-use, childbirth, or pregnancy termination. Women interviewed by older interviewers (≥30 years; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.40, Discussion and conclusion: Interviewer characteristics such as education, age, and prior survey experience influence the reporting of traditional contraceptive use. Similarities or differences between interviewers and respondents in characteristics such as age, marital status, religion, caste, and state of residence also affect the accuracy and completeness of reporting traditional contraceptive use in contraceptive calendar data.
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