Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42694065›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2026

The association between tea consumption and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Renyu Jiang, Jinyan Chen, Hongli Lin, Qi Wang, Yong Hu

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Renyu Jiang *First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Jinyan Chen *Department of Nephropathy, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China.
Hongli LinDepartment of Geriatrics, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China.
Qi WangFirst School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Yong HuDepartment of Geriatrics, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: The association between habitual tea consumption and hypertension remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize observational evidence on tea consumption and hypertension and to explore whether this association differed according to tea type, sex, age, region, and hypertension diagnostic threshold. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP were systematically searched from database inception to December 2025 for observational studies in adults. Studies reporting a distinct hypertension outcome and an extractable effect estimate for tea consumption were eligible. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale or AHRQ criteria, as appropriate. The most fully adjusted Results: Twenty studies involving 319,565 participants were included. In 16 cross-sectional studies, tea consumption was weakly associated with lower hypertension prevalence ( Conclusion: Habitual tea consumption was associated with a modestly lower likelihood of hypertension in observational studies. Owing to the observational design and marked inter-study heterogeneity, a definite clinical protective effect cannot be confirmed. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD420261288902.

Indexed as

dose–response analysishypertensionmeta-analysisobservational studiesrisk factorstea

Identifiers

PMID42694065
PMCPMC13537974

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.