ArticleJournal of dental sciences2026
Quantitative cone-beam computed tomography assessment of anterior loop safety margins using canine-guided osteotomy designs for chin bone harvesting.
Article in Journal of dental sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: /purpose: Chin bone harvesting is a common intraoral grafting procedure but carries a risk of neurosensory complications involving the mental foramen (MF), anterior loop (AL), and mandibular incisive canal (MIC). Present study quantitatively evaluated whether the mandibular canine can serve as a safer and more reproducible landmark for chin bone harvesting. Materials and methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from 40 adults were analyzed. The mandibular canine distal angle (CDA) and canine long axis (CLA) were used as reference lines. Measurements included AL-MF length, distances from the CLA to the MF and AL, interMF distance (IntMF), interAL distance (IntAL), interCLA distance (IntCLA), and the vertical relationship between the canine apex and the MIC. Sex- and side-based comparisons were performed, and correlations with age and variables were assessed. Probability modeling estimated the likelihood of AL or MIC encounter under various osteotomy scenarios. Results: The mean AL-MF length was 1.76 ± 0.96 mm, with no significant sex or side differences. Canine-referenced measurements showed consistent horizontal safety margins, maintaining ≥2 mm from the AL in all cases. At 3 mm posterior to the CLA, the probability of avoiding AL injury exceeded 96.25%. Vertically, the MIC was often close to the canine apex, and deeper osteotomies increased risk. ANB angle demonstrated significant positive correlations with CLA-MF, CLA-AL, IntMF, and IntAL. Conclusion: The mandibular canine is a reliable landmark for horizontal osteotomy planning. This approach improves reproducibility and may reduce nerve exposure. Conservative depth control and cortical-only harvesting are recommended to minimize MIC-related complications.
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