ArticleCureus2026
Esthetic Crown Lengthening: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Excessive gingival display is a common esthetic concern among patients seeking smile enhancement. Altered passive eruption (APE) is a frequent etiologic factor and is characterized by incomplete apical migration of the gingival margin following tooth eruption. Accurate diagnosis and adherence to periodontal biologic principles are essential for achieving stable and predictable outcomes in esthetic crown lengthening (ECL). This article reviews the biologic and surgical principles of ECL, with particular emphasis on APE, and illustrates its management through a clinical case. A 28-year-old systemically healthy woman presented with short clinical crowns and excessive gingival display in the maxillary anterior region. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed the alveolar crest at or near the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), consistent with APE Type I, Subgroup B (Type I-B) according to Coslet's classification. ECL was performed using a full-thickness flap with osseous recontouring to re-establish the supracrestal tissue attachment and achieve harmonious dentogingival proportions. Healing was uneventful, and stable gingival margins were maintained at the six-month follow-up, with marked improvement in smile esthetics. ECL is a predictable and effective treatment for APE when appropriate diagnosis, meticulous surgical planning, and preservation of the supracrestal tissue attachment are respected. In Type I-B cases, osseous resection is necessary to ensure long-term periodontal stability and optimal esthetic outcomes.
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