ArticleJRSM cardiovascular disease
Premature mortality from acute myocardial infarction and psychoactive substance use in the United States: An observational trend (1999-2023) and forecasting (2035) study.
Article in JRSM cardiovascular disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of premature death (<65 years) in the United States, with a significant association with psychoactive substance use (PSU). However, long-term trends and future projections of this combined burden remain unclear. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research Multiple Cause of Death database to assess premature mortality (ages 25-65 years) related to AMI and PSU from 1999 to 2023. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were derived, and annual percentage changes (APCs) were calculated using joinpoint regression. An autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to forecast mortality through 2035. Results: From 1999 to 2023, 176,641 premature deaths were attributed to AMI and PSU. The AAMR rose from 1.4 per 100,000 in 1999 to 4.16 in 2023. Mortality increased sharply from 1999 to 2005 (APC 19.04), continued rising through 2021 (APC 2.63), and declined between 2021 and 2023 (APC -9.13). Middle-aged adults (45-65 years) had substantially higher mortality than younger adults (25-45 years) (AAMR 9.63 vs 0.91, 2018-2023). Men had higher mortality than women (6.81 vs 2.53). American Indian/Alaska Native and White populations showed the higher racial burden. Nonmetropolitan areas had markedly higher mortality than metropolitan regions. South Dakota, Kentucky, and Arkansas had the highest state-level mortality. Forecasting predicts only a modest decline to 3.80 per 100,000 by 2035. Conclusion: Despite recent declines, premature mortality from AMI and PSU is projected to remain high through 2035, underscoring the need for targeted, evidence-based prevention strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.