ArticleFrontiers in neurology2026
Restless legs syndrome in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis: a propensity score-matched comparison.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is highly prevalent among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing dialysis, causing significant sleep disruption. Whether dialysis modality influences RLS occurrence remains controversial. This study compared RLS prevalence, severity, and sleep outcomes between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients using propensity score matching. Methods: From April to October 2024, 396 ESRD patients (173 HD, 223 PD) were enrolled. RLS was diagnosed using IRLSSG 2014 criteria. Sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI ≥11 indicating clinically significant sleep disturbance). 1:1 propensity score matching was performed on age, sex, education, dialysis vintage, smoking, alcohol consumption, and comorbidities. Matched groups (140 HD, 140 PD) were compared for RLS prevalence, severity, and sleep outcomes. Results: After matching, RLS prevalence was comparable between HD and PD (39.28% vs. 40.00%, Conclusion: HD and PD showed similar RLS prevalence but divergent sleep disturbance patterns. Distinct risk factor profiles suggest dialysis-specific mechanisms differentially influence RLS pathophysiology. β2-Microglobulin emerged as a universal risk factor, supporting unified, risk factor-based screening strategies to improve sleep quality in dialysis populations regardless of modality.
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