Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42688087›Full record

Trial reportFrontiers in public health2026

Participant self-collected versus research coordinator-collected nasal swabs for respiratory viral surveillance following influenza-like illness.

Michelle Kautz, Kat Schmidt, Stephanie A Richard, Rhonda E Colombo, Nusrat J Epsi, Anuradha Ganesan, Ryan C Maves, Katrin Mende, Christina Schofield, Jay R Montgomery and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative StudyMulticenter StudyPragmatic Clinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03734237 (A Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the DoD), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03734237 phase4active not recruitingnot on this map

A Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the DoD

TypeinterventionalSponsorHenry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military MedicineRan2018 to 2026Enrolled15,448ConditionsInfluenza, Influenza-like Illness, Influenza VaccinesArmsEgg based influenza vaccines, Recombinant influenza vaccines, Cell-culture based influenza vaccines
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Michelle KautzNavy Medicine Readiness and Training Command San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
Kat SchmidtInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Stephanie A RichardInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Rhonda E ColomboInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Nusrat J EpsiInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Anuradha GanesanInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Ryan C MavesWake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.
Katrin MendeInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Christina SchofieldMadigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, United States.
Jay R MontgomeryWalter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Simon PollettInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Derek T LarsonNavy Medicine Readiness and Training Command San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
Anthony C FriesThe United States Airforce School of Aerospace Medicine, Dayton, OH, United States.
Timothy H BurgessInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Tahaniyat LalaniInfectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Unsupervised, self-collected nasal swabs (SCNS) are a convenient alternative to collection by health-care workers for influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance. We compared viral respiratory pathogen detection in paired SCNS versus research coordinator-collected nasal swabs (CCNS). Methods: Adult Military Health System beneficiaries were enrolled in a prospective influenza vaccine effectiveness trial. Following vaccination, participants were contacted weekly to ascertain ILI symptoms. In the event of an ILI, participants completed a symptom diary, a SCNS, and were offered a visit for CCNS. We evaluated respiratory pathogen detection by PCR, concordance between paired swabs (Cohen's Kappa statistic), and the impact of the timing (days post symptom onset [DPSO]) of collection on detection. Results: 3,357 ILIs were reported during the study period and paired (SCNS and CCNS) swabs were obtained during 1,048 ILIs. Among the paired swabs, SCNS were generally collected earlier than CCNS (median DPSO: 3.0 versus CCNS: 7.0; Conclusion: SCNS are a feasible and useful alternative to CCNS for respiratory virus surveillance and research as it allows an average earlier collection time. Detection of viral pathogens is increased by obtaining swabs within 7 days of symptom onset. Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03734237?term=NCT03734237&rank=1, NCT03734237.

Indexed as

Influenza, HumanPopulation SurveillanceRespiratory Tract InfectionsSpecimen HandlingAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMilitary PersonnelProspective Studieshealth-care worker collectioninfluenza-like illnessnasal swabsrespiratory viralself-collectionsurveillance

Identifiers

PMID42688087
PMCPMC13533934

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.