ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Common recorded diagnoses in purebred vs. mixed-breed dogs: a multivariable analysis of primary-care electronic medical records in South Korea.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: In South Korea, the companion-dog population is strongly skewed toward a small number of small-breed purebred dogs, and distinguishing breed-type differences in recorded diagnoses from confounding by age, neuter status, and healthcare utilization is challenging in primary-care data. Methods: This retrospective study used electronic medical records (EMRs) from primary-care veterinary clinics in South Korea, covering January 2016-December 2024, to compare the adjusted odds of the 20 most frequently recorded diagnoses between purebred and mixed-breed dogs. Records were standardized using Veterinary Nomenclature (VENOM) coding. For each condition, a separate multivariable logistic regression model estimated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for purebred status, adjusting for age, sex, neuter status, and visit frequency. Age was assigned as age at first recorded diagnosis for cases and last observed age for non-cases. Results and Discussion: After adjustment, purebred dogs showed higher odds of recorded diagnosis for nine conditions, including meningoencephalitis (aOR 2.77; 95% CI 1.17-6.57), intervertebral disc disorder (aOR 1.85; 95% CI 1.49-2.29), myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (aOR 1.57; 95% CI 1.46-1.68), and patellar luxation (aOR 1.54; 95% CI 1.38-1.71). Mammary neoplasm showed higher crude prevalence in mixed-breed dogs, and this association remained statistically significant after adjustment for binary neuter status (aOR 0.80; 95% CI 0.68-0.95; Adj
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