ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Machine learning, decision tree and nomogram for predicting screw loosening after PLIF in osteoporotic patients: a retrospective multicenter study.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To develop and validate machine learning models and an individualized nomogram for predicting pedicle screw loosening after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in osteoporotic patients using preoperative clinical, imaging, and bone metabolism-related medication profiles. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 630 osteoporotic patients who underwent PLIF at three spine surgery centers. Patients were divided into a non-loosening group ( Results: Univariate analysis showed significant differences between the two groups in age, bone mineral density T-score, pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, foraminal morphology, history of glucocorticoid use, calcium supplementation, and vitamin D supplementation (all Conclusion: The decision tree model demonstrated favorable predictive performance for pedicle screw loosening after PLIF. Its interpretable classification rules facilitate rapid screening of high-risk patients, while the nomogram enables individualized probability estimation for surgical planning. Together, these complementary tools offer a potentially useful framework for preoperative risk stratification and personalized management of osteoporotic patients undergoing PLIF.
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