Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42686912›Full record

ArticleNature2026

Functional chimeric mRNAs encode proteins in mammalian immunity.

Olivia Venezia, Harry Kane, Gang Du, Hannah D Coughlan, Timothy M Johanson, Hongshen Wang, Pathricia Tilstam, Samuel W Kazer, Georgia Gunner, Daisy A Hoagland and 26 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Olivia Venezia *Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Harry Kane *Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Gang DuDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Hannah D CoughlanThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Timothy M JohansonThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Hongshen WangDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Pathricia TilstamDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-6775
Samuel W KazerDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Georgia GunnerDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Daisy A HoaglandDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6781-3079
Megha G BasavappaModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Kanchana RavichandranModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Eren AdaDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-8282
Ademi ZhakypDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Sandhya KumarDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Coco DuizerDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Owen SearleDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Chris Geo ProvidoDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-6243-1542
Leonel JoannasDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Shilong YangDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Liam B HealyDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2640-1596
Qiankun WangDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Joia CapocchiDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Bahawar Sharif DhillonDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-1825-5356
Sarah SlavoffDepartment of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-2070
Liang ShanDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8833-2514
Jorge Henao-MejiaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-1105
Ruth A FranklinDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6563-6187
Isaac M ChiuDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0723-4841
Jose Ordovas-MontanesBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Kate L JeffreyModerna, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5746-0153
Judy LiebermanProgram in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6200-4715
Rhys S AllanThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0906-2980
Jonathan C KaganDivision of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-2746
Hao WuDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7281-8579
Ruaidhrí JacksonDepartment of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ruaidhri_jackson@hms.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-0010

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Individual mammalian mRNAs and proteins are typically believed to originate from single genomic loci, with isoform diversity arising through cis-splicing of pre-mRNA. Whether mRNA from distant genes can undergo trans-splicing to generate functionally relevant chimeric transcripts has remained unclear. Here we develop a pipeline combining long-read direct RNA sequencing with non-targeted and targeted validation to identify chimeric transcripts in macrophages. Chromatin conformation capture studies reveal that inflammation induces interchromosomal DNA interactions, positioning parent genes proximally to facilitate the formation of chimeric mRNA. Notably, we identify a protein-coding chimeric mRNA representing a fusion between the pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD)

Identifiers

PMID42686912

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.