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ArticleHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2026

Prevalence, clinical features and emergency department blood pressure management of hypertensive emergencies and uncontrolled hypertension: a retrospective multi-centre study.

Alessandro Maloberti, Giulia Capitoli, Tommaso Valobra, Paola Rebora, Nicolas Mavreas, Silvia Vergani, Valentina Giani, Chiara Tognola, Nicolò Capsoni, Michele Galasso and 10 more

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Article in Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Alessandro MalobertiSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy. alessandro.maloberti@unimib.it.
Giulia CapitoliBicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging (B4) Centre, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Tommaso ValobraPio XI Hospital of Desio, Internal Medicine Department, ASST Brianza, Desio, Italy.
Paola ReboraBicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging (B4) Centre, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Nicolas MavreasSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Silvia VerganiSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Valentina GianiSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Chiara TognolaCardiology 4, ASST Niguarda Ca Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Nicolò CapsoniEmergency Department, ASST Niguarda Ca Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Michele GalassoSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Lorenzo De CensiSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Cecilia FerrettiSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Andrea SultanaSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Gabriele PeraroSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Martina MorelliSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Annalisa GiacaloneSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Ilaria GarofaniSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Filippo GalbiatiEmergency Department, ASST Niguarda Ca Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Michele BombelliSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
Cristina GiannattasioSchool of Medicine and Surgery, Milan-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Very heterogeneous data have been published concerning prevalence and clinical management of Hypertensive Emergencies (HE) and Uncontrolled Hypertension (UH). The aim of our study was to characterize HE and UH patients evaluating: (i) Blood Pressure (BP) management in Emergency Department (ED), the pharmacological treatment and its adherence to guidelines recommendation; (ii) variables associated with the presence of organ damage; and (iii), as an exploratory analysis, the impact of BP on in-hospital mortality. We performed a multicentre (Niguarda Hospital - Milan and Pio XI Hospital - Desio) retrospective study evaluating patients admitted to ED with BP values ≥ 180/120 mmHg during 2017 and 2019. 1838 patients were admitted to the ED with a BP ≥ 180/120 mmHg (0.95% of total admissions) of whom 37.7% were HE and the remaining (62.3%) were UH. The reduction in Systolic and Diastolic BP (SBP/DBP respectively) was similar in HE (40.6/16.9 ± 26.3/17.7 mmHg) and UH (39.3/15.5 ± 22.4/16.0 mmHg). The most used drugs were intravenous furosemide, nitroglycerin, clonidine and labetalol for HE. Age, smoking, heart failure, previous acute coronary syndrome, chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus present a positive association HEs while female sex and chronic anti-hypertensive therapies with 2 or more drugs results as protective variables. Finally, regarding the exploratory analysis, BP at ED admission and its management didn't present significant association with in-hospital mortality. In conclusions, our study demonstrated that adherence to guidelines in the management of HE/UH could be further improved.

Indexed as

Digital hypertensionHypertensive emergencyImplemental hypertensionMorning hypertensionUncontrolled hypertension

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.