ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2026
Coordinated changes in oral propionate, oral microbiota, and peripheral blood inflammatory processes during peanut oral immunotherapy.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03907397 (Challenging to Food With Escalating Thresholds for Reducing Food Allergy), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Challenging to Food With Escalating Thresholds for Reducing Food Allergy
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPeanut allergy is an increasingly prevalent condition without curative treatment. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) can induce desensitization, but its mechanisms are not fully understood. Administration of oral short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in murine models induces favorable immunomodulation that overlaps with processes observed in OIT.
objectiveWe hypothesized that oral short-chain fatty acid levels change during OIT and are associated with systemic downregulation of type 2 processes.
methodsWithin a clinical trial of children aged 4-14 years with high-threshold peanut allergy randomized to OIT or avoidance, we profiled oral short-chain fatty acid levels, the oral microbiome, and peripheral blood transcriptome over the course of OIT or avoidance. Statistical and network analyses were carried out to test our hypotheses.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03907397.
resultsAmong the 56 children in the clinical trial with complete multiomic profiles over the trial duration, 29 were randomized to OIT and 27 to avoidance. All participants in the OIT group obtained desensitization compared to 18.5% in the avoidance group. Oral levels of short-chain fatty acid propionate increased with OIT but not avoidance (false discovery rate [FDR] = 0.042) and remained elevated with sustained unresponsiveness. Oral propionate levels positively correlated with the relative abundances of several oral microbes, including known propionate producers Prevotella spp (r = 0.47, FDR 3.75 × 10
conclusionsThis study raises the intriguing possibility that oral propionate may serve as an important immunoregulatory bridge between local and systemic processes in peanut OIT.
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