Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42684981›Full record

ArticleJMIR formative research2026

Health Care Professionals' Perceptions of AI in Clinical Practice: Productivity, Enjoyment, and Pay.

Michael L Chen, Jiyeong Kim, Mariana Ramirez Posada, David Entwistle, Isabella de Vere Hunt, Yifan Li, Xue Li, Nathanael J Fast, Fatima Rodriquez, Albert Chiou and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR formative research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Michael L Chen *Stanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.ORCID 0000-0002-0168-1122
Jiyeong Kim *Stanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.ORCID 0000-0002-2869-5751
Mariana Ramirez PosadaStanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.ORCID 0009-0008-9628-3610
David EntwistleStanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.
Isabella de Vere HuntUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-4238-0924
Yifan LiUniversity of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).
Xue LiUniversity of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).ORCID 0000-0003-4836-7808
Nathanael J FastUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2183-9281
Fatima RodriquezStanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.ORCID 0000-0002-5226-0723
Albert ChiouStanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.ORCID 0000-0002-8436-0008
Euan AshleyStanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.ORCID 0000-0001-9418-9577
Eleni LinosStanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States, 1 6507250452.ORCID 0000-0002-5856-6301

Funding

Opportunistic Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Estimation at Abdominal CTs with Robust and Unbiased Deep LearningR01HL167974 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Imon Banerjee, Akshay Chaudhari · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Novel Incidental Calcium Evaluation (NICE)R01HL169345 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Imon Banerjee, Akshay Chaudhari · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
Adherence Determinants in the Health Electronic Record Evaluation of Statins (ADHERES)R01HL168188 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Fatima Rodriguez · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
Patient Oriented Research in Vulnerable Populations with Skin DiseaseK24AR075060 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Eleni Linos · 2019 to 2026
$1.6M
Novel digital tools for home-based monitoring of skin diseaseR01AR082109 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Eleni Linos · 2023 to 2026
$629k
Leveraging Large Language Models and Machine Learning Algorithms to Assess Depression and Anxiety Symptoms and Risks for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease or Diabetes MellitusK01MH137386 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Jiyeong Kim · 2024 to 2026
$406k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL167974NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL168188NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL169345NIAMS NIH HHS K24 AR075060NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR082109NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH137386
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unlabelled: Despite widespread discussion of opportunities and risks about AI in medicine, few health care professionals routinely used AI during this study period. Physicians and men were more likely to report frequent AI use, and frequent AI users more often reported positive sentiments about AI's future impacts on pay, enjoyment, and productivity at work. The youngest professionals (≤29 years) were less engaged and more skeptical about AI's future benefits. These findings highlight a gap between AI's promise and medical practice, as adoption varies by role, experience, and demographics.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceAttitude of Health PersonnelEfficiencyHealth PersonnelPerceptionAdultFemaleHumansJob SatisfactionMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesAI adoption in medicineAI and job satisfactionAI and productivityartificial intelligenceperception of health care professions

Identifiers

PMID42684981
PMCPMC13537275

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.