ArticleMicrobial biotechnology2026
Design of a Bacteriophage-Based Product for Biocontrol of Fire Blight and Black Rot.
Article in Microbial biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Controlling phytopathogenic bacteria is essential for safeguarding crops and minimizing economic losses in agriculture. Although chemical pesticides are effective, they have adverse effects on ecosystems, beneficial organisms such as pollinators, and natural pathogen predators, creating a need for sustainable alternatives. Bacteriophages ɸEF1 and ɸEF2 (infecting Erwinia amylovora, the fire blight pathogen), and ɸXF1 (targeting Xanthomonas campestris, the black rot pathogen) have shown promise as biocontrol agents in vitro and in vivo. However, to be effective in the field these phages must maintain infectivity during storage and environmental exposure. We evaluated their stability under varying pH, temperature, UV and sunlight conditions and assessed various photoprotective additives. The phages remained infectious for up to 3 months at 4°C and 20°C and pH 7-9, but were inactivated at pH 3 and 37°C. UV rapidly inactivated the phages, but their stability was significantly enhanced by adding photoprotectants like Amino 22% or CaCO
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