Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42683241›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2026

Fluoroquinolone-Free Prophylaxis and Impact on Bacterial Infections, Resistance, and Survival in Allo-HSCT: 5-Year Follow-up of the BATMO Protocol (Best Anti-microbical Therapy Trapianto di Midollo Osseo).

Daniele Avenoso, Mirko Farina, Simone Ferri, Lorenzo Masina, Liana Signorini, Silvia Lorenzotti, Evelyn Van Hauwermeiren, Biagio Francesco Canino, Silvia Corbellini, Francesca Caccuri and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Daniele AvenosoUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4218-4170
Mirko FarinaUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Simone FerriUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Lorenzo MasinaUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Liana SignoriniUnit of Vaccinations and Infectious Diseases Surveillance, ASST Garda, 25015 Desenzano D/G, Brescia, Italy.
Silvia LorenzottiUnit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Evelyn Van HauwermeirenUnit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Biagio Francesco CaninoDepartment of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Microbiology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Silvia CorbelliniDepartment of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Microbiology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Francesca CaccuriDepartment of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Microbiology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Gabriele MaglianoUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Enrico MorelloUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Vera RadiciUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Simona BernardiUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3494-2624
Federica ReUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Alessandro LeoniUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2177-2064
Arnaldo CarusoDepartment of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Microbiology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5178-566X
Domenico RussoUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Michele MalagolaUnit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Infectious complications and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are leading causes of morbidity and non-relapse mortality (NRM) in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The BATMO protocol, implemented in 2019, removed fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and introduced a personalized, stewardship-based antimicrobial approach. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 323 allo-HSCT recipients transplanted between 2016 and 2023 at a single center, comparing outcomes in patients before (n = 115) and after (n = 208) BATMO implementation. Primary endpoints included overall survival (OS), NRM, incidence and microbiology of bloodstream infections (BSIs), antimicrobial resistance trends, and carbapenem use. Kaplan-Meier and cumulative incidence methods were employed. Results: Despite a significant increase in 30-day Gram-negative BSI incidence post-BATMO (24% vs 15%, Conclusions: The BATMO protocol demonstrates that withdrawal of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and implementation of a targeted antimicrobial strategy can reduce resistance without compromising transplant outcomes. These findings support the long-term safety and efficacy of stewardship-based approaches in allo-HSCT.

Indexed as

allo-HSCTantibiotic stewardshipBATMOfluorochinoloneneutropenic fever

Identifiers

PMID42683241
PMCPMC13531467

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.