ArticleActa biochimica Polonica2026
Hematological and biochemical alterations in patients with suspected COVID-19 infection with negative and positive RT-PCR swabs.
Article in Acta biochimica Polonica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Hematological and biochemical abnormalities have been reported in patients with confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study compared selected hematological and biochemical parameters in patients with confirmed COVID-19 (RT-PCR positive) and suspected COVID-19 (RT-PCR negative). Patients and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 106 patients admitted to the COVID-19 isolation centers at Ibn-Sina Hospital, Mukalla, Yemen, from 1 December 2021 to 30 October 2022. The study included 63 men and 43 women, with a mean age of 58.3 ± 17.5 years. Demographic, clinical, hematological, and biochemical data were extracted from medical records. The following were analyzed: complete blood count (CBC), random blood glucose (RBG), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin. Results: Of the 106 patients, 58 (54.72%) had confirmed (RT-PCR positive) COVID-19, and 48 (45.3%) had suspected (RT-PCR negative) COVID-19. Compared with the RT-PCR-negative group, the RT-PCR-positive patients had significantly higher hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell (RBC), and white blood cell (WBC) counts and were more likely to exhibit neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and eosinopenia. Serum LDH, GGT, CRP, and ferritin levels were also significantly higher in the RT-PCR-positive group. Using binary logistic regression analysis, LDH (OR: 1.008, 95% CI: 1.002-1.013, P = 0.004) and GGT (OR: 0.949, 95% CI: 0.903-0.997, P = 0.039) were independently associated with RT-PCR positivity. Conclusion: Among the investigated laboratory markers, LDH and GGT showed independent associations with RT-PCR positivity. Given the retrospective cross-sectional design, these findings should be interpreted as associations rather than evidence of predictive or causal relationships.
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