ArticleFrontiers in neurology2026
Association between circulating GTP cyclohydrolase 1 concentrations and acute ischemic stroke: an exploratory case-control study in a Chinese population.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and objective: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading global cause of disability and mortality, characterized by cerebral hypoxia and tissue necrosis. GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) regulates endothelial function and oxidative stress; however, whether circulating GCH1 concentrations are altered in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear. This exploratory case-control study aimed to investigate plasma GCH1 levels and their associations with clinical characteristics in patients with AIS. Methods: Seventy-one patients with AIS and 92 controls undergoing routine health examinations were recruited at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities (January 2024-May 2025). Clinical and biochemical data including lipid profiles, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (only for patients with AIS) were collected. Plasma GCH1 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences between groups and to examine the associations between plasma GCH1 levels and clinical characteristics. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to assess the discriminatory performance of circulating GCH1. Results: Plasma GCH1 concentrations were significantly lower in AIS patients (6.51 ± 3.59 ng/mL vs. 14.32 ± 3.29 ng/mL, Conclusion: Plasma GCH1 concentrations were lower in patients with AIS than in health-examination controls and showed high apparent discrimination in this dataset. Because GCH1 was measured after stroke onset and the sample-derived threshold was derived in the same case-control sample, these findings do not establish temporality, causality, or clinical diagnostic utility. Prospective multicenter studies including clinically relevant disease controls and independent external validation are required.
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