Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42682057›Full record

ArticleThe Canadian journal of urology2026

Testicular prosthesis complications and satisfaction rates after gender affirming scrotoplasty.

Liliana Guadagni, Marco Falcone, Lorenzo Cirigliano, Ilaria Ferro, Mirko Preto, Natalia Plamadeala, Martina Scavone, Emanuele Zupo, Paolo Gontero

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Article in The Canadian journal of urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Liliana GuadagniUrology Clinic, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Perugia, Italy.
Marco FalconeUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Lorenzo CiriglianoUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Ilaria FerroUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Mirko PretoUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Natalia PlamadealaUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Martina ScavoneUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Emanuele ZupoUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Paolo GonteroUrology Clinic, A.O.U. "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTesticular prosthesis implantation (TPI) is frequently performed as part of masculinizing genital gender-affirming surgery (GGAS), but complication and satisfaction data for assigned female at birth (AFAB) men remain limited. We report a single-centre experience assessing postoperative complications, explantation-free survival (EFS) and patient-reported satisfaction.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study including all patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral transmasculine TPI (TM-TPI) from May 2007 to April 2025. Primary outcomes were postoperative complications (e.g., surgical-site infection, contamination, hematoma, migration, pain, extrusion) and EFS rate. Satisfaction was measured at 12 months using the 13-item Transmasculine Testicular Prosthesis Satisfaction Index (TM-TPSI), a questionnaire tool developed for this cohort.

resultsForty-four patients (mean age 40 ± 10 years) received solid silicone prostheses; median follow-up was 84.5 (IQR 65.3-95.0) months. Complications included superficial surgical-site infection in 8/44 (18%), one prosthesis contamination requiring removal, one extrusion requiring replacement, and one migration requiring repositioning (2%). Mean time to explant/reposition was 57.7 ± 61.5 months; the 5-year EFS rate was 97%. Of 41 respondents to the TM-TPSI, 84% were "mostly satisfied" or "more satisfied than unsatisfied"; the mean score was 46.0 ± 10.5.

conclusionsIn this cohort, TM-TPI showed a low rate of surgical revisions and high patient-reported satisfaction over long-term follow-up. Multicentre studies and formal validation of the TM-TPSI are warranted to refine benchmarks and enable cross-cohort comparisons. TM-TPI is a procedure that needs to be further investigated with clear specificity for AFAB men.

Indexed as

Gender-Affirming SurgeryPatient SatisfactionPostoperative ComplicationsProstheses and ImplantsProsthesis ImplantationTestisAdultHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective Studiescomplicationsgender affirming genital surgeryquestionnairesatisfactionTesticular prosthesistransgender men

Identifiers

PMID42682057

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