Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42681976›Full record

ArticleThe journal of physical chemistry. B2026

In Situ UV-vis Quantification of Chlorobasicity in Binary Molten Chlorides.

Kailee Buttice, Shubhojit Banerjee, Thiago J Pinheiro Dos Santos, Ellie Kim, Qiufeng Yang, Alejandro Ramos-Ballesteros, Sheng Dai, Ruchi Gakhar, Santanu Roy, Vyacheslav S Bryantsev and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of physical chemistry. B, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Kailee ButticeDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8666-4275
Shubhojit BanerjeeChemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States.
Thiago J Pinheiro Dos SantosChemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6949-9087
Ellie KimDepartment of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37916, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4906-1261
Qiufeng YangAdvanced Technology of Molten Salts, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho83415, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9196-3691
Alejandro Ramos-BallesterosAdvanced Technology of Molten Salts, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho83415, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-4350-6824
Sheng DaiChemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8046-3931
Ruchi GakharAdvanced Technology of Molten Salts, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho83415, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2829-3533
Santanu RoyChemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6991-8205
Vyacheslav S BryantsevChemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6501-6594
Adrien CouetDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7330-5150

Funding

Oak Ridge National Laboratory DE-AC05-00OR22725Oak Ridge National Laboratory DE-AC07-05ID14517Oak Ridge National Laboratory DE-SC0012704Office of Nuclear Energy DE-NE0009251
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Optical basicity measurements provide a basis for determining the relative chlorobasicity of a given molten salt composition. This study uses Bi3+ as a spectroscopic probe to investigate optical basicity across three binary molten chloride systems (LiCl-KCl, MgCl2-KCl, and ZnCl2-KCl) through in situ UV-vis spectroscopy measurements of the 1S0→3P1 transition. LiCl-KCl systems exhibit the highest optical basicity with minimal compositional dependence, while both divalent systems show stronger, yet nonlinear, dependence that is reminiscent of acid-base titration curves. The influence of cation electronegativity and polarizing power (Li+ < Mg2+ < Zn2+) directly reflects the basicity curves, with ZnCl2-KCl displaying the steepest gradients and lowest basicity values. Nonlinear dependencies in divalent systems indicate formation of chloride-bridged network structures with coordination states dictated by the amount of KCl in a salt composition, which was further investigated and validated by molecular dynamics simulations of polymeric structures formed in ZnCl2 and MgCl2-based salts using machine learning force fields. The temperature dependence of chlorobasicity in terms of optical basicity was investigated, and a loose, positive correlation between the two was revealed. These findings establish Bi3+ as a sensitive probe for understanding electronic environments in molten chloride systems and provide insights for predicting the chemical behavior of molten salts for use in high-temperature environments.

Identifiers

PMID42681976
PMCPMC13656735

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.