Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42681413›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2026

Methods to Examine Complement Activation by HIT Immune Complexes.

Sanjay Khandelwal, Gowthami M Arepally

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sanjay KhandelwalDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. sanjay.khandelwal@duke.edu.
Gowthami M ArepallyDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Funding

Complement and Thrombosis in HITR01HL151730 · NHLBI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Gowthami M Arepally, Lubica Rauova · 2021 to 2026
$3.9M
Complement and CR2/CD21 in the Immune Pathogenesis of HITR01HL136512 · NHLBI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI AREPALLY, GOWTHAMI M · 2018 to 2021
$2.1M
Comparative studies of complement responses to ICsR21AI175743 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI AREPALLY, GOWTHAMI M · 2023 to 2024
$443k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL136512NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL151730NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI175743
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Current assays for measuring complement activation by immune complexes (ICs) are largely indirect, non-specific, and employ non-physiologic conditions. To address these drawbacks, we developed methods for measuring the complement activating effects of ICs that cause heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a blood clotting disorder. These assays rely on the formation of in situ ICs in undiluted healthy donor plasma and/or whole blood as a physiologic source of complement. Once formed, complement-bound ICs in plasma or whole blood are detected using immunocapture and/or flow-based assays. While these methods are designed to study the complement activating properties of HIT ICs, the immunocapture and flow-based assays can be readily extended to other ICs of known composition.

Indexed as

Antigen-Antibody ComplexComplement ActivationComplement System ProteinsHeparinThrombocytopeniaEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFlow CytometryHumansPlatelet Factor 4Antigen-Antibody ComplexComplement System ProteinsHeparinPlatelet Factor 4AntibodyAntigenComplementELISAFlow cytometryHeparinImmune complexesImmunocapturePF4PlasmaWhole blood

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.