Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42681239›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2026

Determining Sex in Xenopus laevis Tadpoles.

Caroline W Beck

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Caroline W BeckDepartment of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand. caroline.beck@otago.ac.nz.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Xenopus laevis has a ZZ/ZW type sex determination system, and a PCR-based method was developed in 2007 to distinguish ZZ males from ZW females. As X. laevis can regenerate tail tissue as tadpoles, this method can be used to determine sex from DNA extracted from tadpole tail clips, which enables accurate identification of sex. Male X. laevis reach sexual maturity faster than females, so we routinely select male tadpoles for establishing transgenic lines. It may also be useful to stratify behavioral or drug testing results by biological sex. Here, I present a quick and simple multiplex PCR-based method for isolating genomic DNA and using this to determine biological sex, based on the presence or absence of the female specific gene dm-W. Females are identified by the presence of two bands and males by a single band.

Indexed as

LarvaSex Determination AnalysisSex Determination ProcessesXenopus laevisAnimalsDNAFemaleMaleMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionPolymerase Chain ReactionSex ChromosomesDNABiological sexGenotypePCRSex determinationZZ/ZW

Identifiers

PMID42681239

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.