Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42681221›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2026

mRNA Microinjection for Gene Expression Studies in Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis.

Sian A Martin, Anita Abu-Daya

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sian A MartinEuropean Xenopus Resource Centre, Portsmouth, UK. sian.martin@port.ac.uk.
Anita Abu-DayaEuropean Xenopus Resource Centre, Portsmouth, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microinjection of in vitro-transcribed, capped mRNA into Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis embryos provides a rapid and powerful approach for gene expression studies in vertebrate development. Owing to the large size, external development, and manipulability of Xenopus embryos, mRNA injection allows precise temporal and spatial control of expression and the ability to test both wild-type and mutant variants in vivo. Classic experiments using synthetic mRNAs identified key regulators of embryonic patterning and signaling, and the approach continues to underpin modern functional genomics and disease modeling. Integration of mRNA injection with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockouts, fluorescent reporters, and human variant testing has further enhanced its versatility. This chapter details practical methods for mRNA synthesis, quality control, and embryo injection, providing a reliable framework for controlled gene expression analysis and validation in Xenopus embryos.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalMicroinjectionsRNA, MessengerXenopusXenopus laevisAnimalsEmbryo, NonmammalianRNA, MessengerDevelopmental biologyEmbryogenesisFluorescent reportersGain-of-functionGene expressionIn vitro transcriptionmRNA microinjectionRescue experimentXenopus laevisXenopus tropicalis

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.