Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42679860›Full record

SynthesisThe journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research2026

The Effect of Exercise on Reproductive and Metabolic Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Kangxi Zou, Yunlu Ping, Qiuyang Wei, Xiaoxuan Zhao, Ying Wang, Di Wu, Lu Chen, Shimeng Wang, Xiaoling Feng

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-AnalysisReview
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kangxi ZouDepartment of Tuina, The Second Affiliated Hospital Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Yunlu PingDepartment of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-2389
Qiuyang WeiDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Xiaoxuan ZhaoDepartment of Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
Ying WangDepartment of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Di WuDepartment of Hepatology, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Lu ChenDepartment of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Shimeng WangDepartment of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Xiaoling FengDepartment of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4770-3745

Funding

General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China 82374498General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China 82575134Key R&D Program of Heilongjiang Province 2022ZX06C19Longjiang Chunyan Support Program for Scientific and Technological Talents (Leading Talent Team in Technological Innovation) 2022CYCX0026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder, and the independent effect of exercise as a fundamental intervention for it remains to be clarified. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of exercise intervention alone on improving reproductive endocrine and metabolic profiles in individuals with PCOS.

methodsA systematic search of multiple databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until July 2025. Data from eligible RCTs were collected, and quality evaluation with meta-analysis was performed.

resultsThis investigation encompassed 22 RCTs involving 1044 women with PCOS. The meta-analysis indicated that exercise significantly reduced total testosterone (TT), free testosterone, fasting insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while increasing high-density lipoprotein levels. Subgroup analyses showed that moderate-to-low intensity exercise specifically increased sex hormone-binding globulin. Exercise duration ≥ 150 min per week yielded more pronounced reductions in TT. Concerning population characteristics, Asian cohorts exhibited particularly prominent improvements in reducing body mass index, TT, low-density lipoprotein, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. South American and European populations showed significant benefits in lowering TT and fasting insulin, respectively. Moreover, non-obese women with PCOS experienced greater reductions in TT compared to their obese counterparts.

conclusionsExercise intervention alone significantly ameliorates body composition, hyperandrogenism, and certain glucose and lipid metabolic disturbances in individuals with PCOS. The benefits are modulated by exercise parameters (intensity, weekly duration) and baseline patient characteristics (geographical distribution, obesity status), highlighting the importance of individualized interventions in clinical practice.

Indexed as

ExerciseExercise TherapyPolycystic Ovary SyndromeFemaleHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceTestosteroneInsulinTestosteroneexercise intensityhormonal imbalancemetabolic healthphysical activitypolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Identifiers

PMID42679860
PMCPMC13533584

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.