Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42678604›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology reports2026

Enzymatic depolymerization of laboratory waste DNA to a dGMP-containing pool and analytical assessment of dGTP in a crude-lysate guanylate kinase system.

Zehra Özdemir, Ercan Arıcan

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Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Zehra ÖzdemirInstitute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Programme of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye. zeaydinli@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-0624
Ercan ArıcanFaculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-5919

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDeoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) are essential reagents for molecular biology and synthetic biology, yet their conventional chemical synthesis is costly and environmentally burdensome. Enzymatic routes offer a cleaner alternative but typically start from defined, purified precursors. Recovering nucleotides from laboratory waste DNA would align dNTP supply with circular-biotechnology principles, but this route remains largely unexplored, particularly for guanine nucleotides. This proof-of-concept study tests whether waste DNA can be routed toward deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) using a simplified crude-lysate enzymatic cascade. METHODS AND

resultsWaste DNA was hydrolysed with S1 nuclease into a deoxynucleotide monophosphate pool and subjected to a one-pot phosphorylation cascade combining recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae guanylate kinase (GUK1), expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), with endogenous nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity and a pyruvate kinase/phosphoenolpyruvate ATP-regeneration system. Recombinant GUK1 expression was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. Ion-pair HPLC resolving the monophosphate and triphosphate species showed that S1 hydrolysis reproducibly generated a dGMP-containing nucleotide pool, with the dGMP signal significantly higher in the reaction than in a DNA-free control (~ 1.4-fold; p = 0.023), confirming DNA-dependent depolymerization of the waste-DNA feedstock. High-resolution Q-TOF LC-MS/MS confidently identified dGTP in the reaction through accurate mass ([M - H]⁻ m/z 505.98, C

conclusionsA crude-lysate GUK1 cascade acting on waste-DNA-derived substrate yields identifiable dGTP. The product was confirmed structurally but its DNA-dependent formation could not be demonstrated and it was not quantified; the findings therefore establish depolymerization of waste DNA to dGMP and the analytical identity of dGTP as a basis for further development, rather than a quantified conversion process.

Indexed as

Deoxyguanine NucleotidesDNAGuanylate KinasesEscherichia coliHydrolysisNucleoside-Diphosphate KinasePhosphorylationRecombinant ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeDeoxyguanine Nucleotidesdeoxyguanosine triphosphateDNAGuanylate KinasesNucleoside-Diphosphate KinaseRecombinant ProteinsBiocatalytic cascadeDeoxyguanosine triphosphateGuanylate kinaseProof-of-conceptQ-TOF LC-MS/MSWaste DNA

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.